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Q1. Which of the following can digest cellulose? (A) Cow, Buffalo (B) Goat, Sheep (C) Tiger, Man (D) Giraffe, Antelope

• Only A
• Only B
• Only D
• A, B and D

Solution

Ruminants such as cow, buffalo, goat, sheep, giraffe and antelope contain certain bacteria in their stomach which can digest cellulose.

Q2. The alimentary canal tract and its associated glands together constitute the

• Digestive system
• Respiratory system
• Cardiovascular system
• Nervous system

Solution

The human digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and its associated glands.

Q3. The final section of the large intestine where undigested food is stored is called the

• Rectum
• Transverse colon
• Descending colon
• Anus

Solution

The undigested food is stored in the final section of the large intestine called the rectum. The semi-solid waste is then passed out from our body through the anus.

Q4. The first compartment of a cow's stomach is

• Rumen
• Omasum
• Abomasum
• Caecum

Solution

The first and biggest compartment of a cow's stomach is rumen followed reticulum, omasum and abomasum.

Q5. Ruminants can be categorised under

• Herbivores
• Carnivores
• Omnivores
• Producers

Solution

Ruminants are grass eating animals and hence they can be categorised under herbivores.

Q6. Finger-like projections on the body of Amoeba are called

• Pseudopodia
• Villi
• Cilia
• Parapodia

Solution

Finger-like projections on the body of Amoeba are called pseudopodia. They are used to capture food and also for movement.

Q7. Which is the largest gland in the human body?

• Stomach
• Intestine
• Liver
• Gall bladder

Solution

Liver is the largest gland in the human body.

Q8. The partially digested food in ruminants is called

• Cud
• Bolus
• Chyme
• Bile

Solution

The partially digested food in the rumen of ruminants is called cud.

Q9. Breakdown of complex food molecules into simple ones does not occur in the

• Stomach
• Mouth 
• Small intestine 
• Large intestine

Solution

The large intestine does not secrete any digestive enzymes. Therefore, breakdown of complex food molecules into simple ones does not occur in the large intestine.

Q10. Fats in our body are completely digested in the

• Stomach
• Mouth
• Small intestine
• Large intestine

Solution

Fats in our body are completely digested in the small intestine. Pancreatic juice secreted by the pancreas breaks down fats completely into fatty acids and glycerol.

Q11. Which of the following is a function of pseudopodia in Amoeba? (A) Capture food (B) Digest food (C) Enable movement (D) Absorb food

• Only A
• Only B
• Both A and C
• Only D

Solution

Pseudopodia in Amoeba help in capturing of food and also aid in movement. Digestion and absorption of food takes place in the food vacuole.

Q12. Salivary glands secrete

• Renin
• Pepsin
• Saliva
• Mucus

Solution

Salivary glands secrete a digestive juice called saliva which helps to partially digest the starch present in the food.

Q13. Which of the following is not a part of the ruminant stomach?

• Abomasum
• Omasum
• Reticulum
• Caecum

Solution

Caecum is a part of the digestive system in ruminants. Ruminant stomach consists of four chambers - rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum.

Q14. Grass is eaten by

• Saprotrophs
• Parasites
• Herbivores
• Carnivores

Solution

Grass is eaten by herbivores.

Q15. Grass eaten by the ruminants gets stored in the

• Rumen
• Abomasum
• Omasum
• Caecum

Solution

Ruminants such as cow swallow the grass quickly, chew it little and then store it in the rumen which is the first compartment of their stomach.

Q16. In case of ruminants, the cud moves from

• Rumen → Mouth
• Mouth → Rumen 
• Rumen → Small intestine
• Mouth → Small intestine

Solution

In case of ruminants, the partially digested food or cud from the rumen is brought back to the mouth in small amounts, after which the animal chews it thoroughly.

Q17. What is the function of small, finger-like outgrowths present in the small intestine?

• Digestion of proteins present in food
• Excretion of nitrogenous wastes from food
• Removal of excess water present in food
• Increase surface area for rapid absorption of digested food

Solution

Small, finger-like outgrowths called villi present in the small intestine help to increase the surface area for the rapid absorption of digested food.

Q18. During digestion, the starch carbohydrate is completely broken down into simplest sugar called

• Glucose
• Fatty acids
• Glycerol
• Amino acids

Solution

During digestion, the starch carbohydrate is completely broken down into simplest sugar called glucose, proteins into amino acids and fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Q19. Excessive intake of foods containing sugar is a major cause of

• Indigestion
• Stomach pain
• Headache
• Tooth decay

Solution

Excessive intake of foods containing sugar causes tooth decay. The germs in the mouth form plaque on the surface of teeth. 

Q20. How many teeth are present in the lower jaw of human beings?

• 19
• 20
• 16
• 14

Solution

There are 16 teeth in the lower jaw of human beings which includes 4 incisors, 2 canines, 4 premolars and 6 molars. 

Q21. Which of the following is not a grass-eating animal?

• Lion
• Deer
• Goat
• Cow

Solution

Lion is a carnivore who eats the flesh of other animals.

Q22. The steps for the process of digestion in ruminants are given below. (A) Chewed grass gets stored in the rumen. (B) Cud moves to the small intestine. (C) Cud is chewed in the mouth. (D) Grass is swallowed by the ruminant.

• A → B → C → D
• D → A → C → B
• C → A → D → B
• A → D → C → B

Solution

Ruminants swallow the grass quickly, chew it little and store it in the rumen. The bacteria present in the rumen digest cellulose. The partially digested food or cud then returns from the rumen to the mouth. The cud is then chewed thoroughly in the mouth after which it enters the other compartments of the stomach and finally the small intestine for complete digestion and absorption.

Q23. Carbohydrate cellulose is digested by the action of

• Bacteria
• Virus
• Protozoa
• Worms

Solution

Cellulose-digesting bacteria present in the stomach of ruminants help in the digestion of cellulose.

Q24. Cellulose is a type of

• Carbohydrate
• Protein
• Fat
• Vitamin

Solution

Cellulose is a type of complex carbohydrate.

Q25. Bile is stored in the

• Stomach
• Intestine
• Liver
• Gall bladder

Solution

Bile is secreted by the liver and stored temporarily in a sac called gall bladder.

Q26. Which of the following is not a ruminant?

• Tiger
• Goat
• Cow
• Giraffe

Solution

Ruminants are grass-eating animals and can be categorised under herbivores. Tiger is a carnivore.

Q27. Faeces is excreted out of the body through the

•  Large intestine
• Anus
• Stomach
• Villi

Solution

The undigested, semi-solid waste in the form of faeces is passed out of the body through the anus.

Q28. In ruminants, the sac-like structure present between the small intestine and the large intestine is called

• Oesophagus
• Stomach
• Rumen
• Caecum

Solution

Caecum is a sac-like structure present between the small intestine and the large intestine in ruminants. It acts as a storage bag for the partially digested food and allows bacteria to further digest the food before being passed further.

Q29. Which of the following cannot digest cellulose?

• Deer
• Giraffe
• Lion
• Sheep

Solution

Ruminants like deer, giraffe and sheep can digest cellulose as they have cellulose-digesting bacteria in their stomach. Carnivores like lion cannot digest cellulose.

Q30. Which of the following is a ruminant? (A) Cow, Buffalo (B) Goat, Sheep (C) Tiger, Man (D) Lion, Antelope

• Only A
• Only B
• Both A and B
• Both C and D

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