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Q1. Which structure present in the spiny seeds allows them to get attached to the bodies of animals?

• Hooks
• Beads
• Spines
• Hairs

Solution

Spiny seeds have hooks which get attached to the bodies of animals and aids in their dispersal.

Q2. Which of the following is not true with respect to reproduction in yeast?

• Yeast reproduces by budding.
• Budding is yeast occurs very slowly.
• Yeast cell forms a chain of new yeast cells after budding.
• Each single yeast cell can reproduce by budding.

Solution

Budding in yeast takes place so fast that often the parent yeast cell forms a chain of buds giving rise to a number of yeast cells in a short time.

Q3. Vegetative reproduction does not take place by

• Cutting
• Seed formation
• Grafting
• Layering

Solution

Seed formation takes place in sexually reproducing plants by the fusion of gametes.

Q4. Which of the following features enable seed dispersal in grass?

• Small and light seeds
• Winged seeds
• Fibrous outer coat in seeds
• Spongy seeds

Solution

Small, light and hairy seeds of grass get blown off with the wind to far off places and enable seed dispersal.

Q5. For which of the following resources the seeds do not compete with each other?

• Sunlight
• Water
• Minerals
• Agents of seed dispersal

Solution

The seeds compete with each other for essential resources such as sunlight, water, minerals and space.

Q6. After fertilisation, which plant part enlarges and forms a fruit?

• Ovary
• Ovule
• Embryo sac
• Pollen tube

Solution

After fertilisation, the ovary enlarges and forms a fruit.

Q7. The seeds of coconut plant are dispersed by

• Wind
• Water
• Insects
• Birds

Solution

The seeds of coconut plant are dispersed by water as they have a spongy or fibrous outer coat which floats on water.

Q8. Which of the following structures consists of a short stem around which overlapping leaves are folded?

• Sori
• Buds
• Cysts
• Spores

Solution

A bud consists of a short stem around which overlapping leaves are folded.

Q9. Which of the following plants is not cross-pollinated by wind?

• Maize
• Palm
• Pine
• Jasmine

Solution

Jasmine is an insect-pollinated plant.

Q10. Which structure transfers male gametes from the pollen grains to the female gametes in the ovules?

• Germ pore
• Pericarp
• Stigma
• Pollen tube

Solution

Pollen grain deposited on the stigma of a flower germinates to form a pollen tube which goes down the style and transfers male gametes to the ovules inside the ovary.

Q11. Which of the following plant parts is not used for vegetative reproduction?

• Flower
• Stem
• Leaf
• Root

Solution

Vegetative propagation takes place through vegetative parts of the plant such as root, stem and leaves. Flower is involved in sexual reproduction in plants.

Q12. Where are pollen grains produced in the flower?

• Stigma
• Style
• Anther
• Stalk

Solution

Anther makes the pollen grains and stores them.

Q13. Outermost whorl of a flower is

• Corolla
• Calyx
• Gynoecium
• Androecium

Solution

Calyx is the outermost whorl of the flower.

Q14. Which of the following is not an agent of seed dispersal?

• Wind
• Water
• Animals
• Bacteria

Solution

Agents of seed dispersal are wind, water and animals. Bacteria do not play a role in seed dispersal.

Q15. The type of reproduction in which a single cell splits into equal parts and each part grows into a complete individual is called

• Fission
• Budding
• Fragmentation
• Regeneration

Solution

In the process of fission, the parent cell splits up into two or more than two parts to give rise to new individuals.

Q16. The hard protective coat around spores is called

• Eye
• Bud
• Cyst
• Sori

Solution

The hard protective coat around spores is called cyst.

Q17. Which of the following is not true with respect to fertilisation?

• It occurs inside the ovule.
• It occurs before pollination.
• It results in the growth and transformation of an ovary into a fruit.
• In fertilisation, the male gamete unites with the female gamete.

Solution

The process of fertilisation occurs after pollination. The pollen grain deposited on the stigma germinates and produces a pollen tube, which carries the male gametes to the ovule. This results in fertilisation.

Q18. The process in which pollen from the anther of one flower is transferred to the stigma of another flower borne on the same plant is called

• Cross-pollination
• Self-pollination
• Fertilisation
• Syngamy

Solution

The process in which pollen from the anther of one flower is transferred to the stigma of another flower borne on the same plant is called self-pollination.

Q19. Seeds of guava and chilly are dispersed by

• Wind
• Water
• Birds
• Insects

Solution

Guava and chilly are eaten by birds. However, their seeds escape digestion due to their protective coverings and are passed out along with their droppings.

Q20. Algae reproduce by

• Budding
• Layering
• Grafting
• Fragmentation

Solution

Algae reproduce by the asexual method of fragmentation.

Q21. What prevents competition between the plant and its seedlings for sunlight, water and minerals?

• Fertilisation
• Seed dispersal
• Pollination
• Seed formation

Solution

Seed dispersal prevents competition between the plants and its seedlings for sunlight, water and minerals. Due to seed dispersal, the new plants which grow from the seeds are far and wide and hence do not compete among themselves for water, minerals and sunlight.

Q22. The triploid nucleus formed during double fertilisation develops into a/an

• Embryo
• Endosperm
• Zygote
• Fruit

Solution

The triploid nucleus formed during double fertilisation develops into an endosperm which provides nutrition to the growing embryo.

Q23. The embryo inside the seed is enclosed in a protective covering called

• Germ pore
• Seed coat
• Stigma
• Cyst

Solution

The embryo inside the seed is enclosed in a protective seed coat.

Q24. Which of the following is not a pollinator?

• Wind
• Water
• Soil
• Insect

Solution

Soil is not an agent of pollination.

Q25. Bryophyllum has buds in the margins of

• Roots
• Stems
• Leaves
• Flowers

Solution

Bryophyllum has buds in the margins of leaves.

Q26. Which process results in growth and transformation of the ovary into fruit?

• Pollination
• Explosion
• Dispersal
• Fertilisation

Solution

Fertilisation results in growth and transformation of the ovary into fruit.

Q27. Seeds are modified 

• Anthers
• Carpels
• Ovules
• Ovaries

Solution

Seeds are modified ovules.

Q28. Which of the following is an advantage of the method of vegetative propagation?

• Induces overcrowding
• Less adaptability to environment
• Loss of vigour
• Desirable features can be maintained

Solution

Plants grown by vegetative propagation are exactly similar to the parent plant. So, all the desirable features of the parent plant can be maintained in the new plants.

Q29. Which of the following is not correct with respect to pericarp?

• It is the fruit wall.
• It develops from the wall of ovary.
• It encloses one or more seeds.
• It is generally differentiated into two layers.

Solution

Pericarp is generally differentiated into three layers - epicarp, mesocarp and endocarp.

Q30. The leaves of which of the following plants can give rise to a new plant? 

• Mango
• Bryophyllum
• Bougainvillea
• Rose

Solution

The leaves of Bryophyllum bear buds, which on coming in contact with the soil can give rise to a new plant.

Q31. Pollination occurs in

• Both gymnosperms and angiosperms
• Only in gymnosperms and not angiosperms
• Only in angiosperms and not gymnosperms
• Only bryophytes

Solution

Pollination occurs in both angiosperms and gymnosperms. However, in gymnosperms pollination involves the transfer of pollen from a male cone to a female cone since they lack anthers and stigma.

Q32. The endocarp in mango is the 

• Skin
• Fleshy edible part
• Stony structure that protects the seed
• The seed

Solution

In mango, endocarp is the stony structure that protects the seed.

Q33. Spirogyra is an example of

• Algae
• Fungi
• Bacteria
• Cyanobacteria

Solution

Spirogyra is a green, filamentous alga found in ponds and lakes.

Q34. Which of the following is not a juicy fruit?

• Apple
• Mango
• Orange
• Walnut

Solution

Walnut is not a juicy fruit. It is hard and tough.

Q35. The scars found on the potatoes are called

• Eyes
• Probes
• Cysts
• Spores

Solution

The scars found on the potatoes are called eyes or buds.

Q36. Which of the following is an essential requirement for wind-pollinated flowers?

• They must be brightly coloured.
• They must produce light pollen grains.
• They must produce pollen grains covered with tiny curved hooks.
• They must produce very long pollen grains.

Solution

Wind-pollinated flowers must produce light pollen grains so that they can be easily transported by wind.

Q37. Seeds are formed by the maturation of the

• Ovaries
• Ovum
• Ovules
• Pollen grains

Solution

The ovules present in the ovary of a flower mature to form seeds.

Q38. In a seed, which part remains enclosed in a protective seed coat?

• Embryo
• Zygote
• Ovary
• Fruit

Solution

The seed contains an embryo enclosed in a protective seed coat.

Q39. Which of the following is not a vegetative part of a plant?

• Root
• Stem
• Leaf
• Flower

Solution

Roots, stems and leaves are the vegetative parts of a plant. Flower is the reproductive part of a plant.

Q40. Which of the following plants produces winged seeds?

• Moringa
• Calotropis
• Xanthium
• Urena

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